> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://thenile.dev/docs/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Emailaddr

> Provides a specialized data type for storing and validating email addresses.

The [emailaddr](https://github.com/petere/pgemailaddr) extension in PostgreSQL provides a specialized data type for storing and validating email addresses. This extension ensures proper email formatting and allows efficient querying.
Your Nile database arrives with `emailaddr` extension already installed and enabled.

## Creating and Populating `contacts` Table

Before using `emailaddr`, let's create a sample table to store email addresses of key contacts:

```sql theme={null}
CREATE TABLE contacts (
    tenant_id UUID,
    name TEXT,
    email EMAILADDR,
    PRIMARY KEY (tenant_id, email)
);

-- Create a tenant first
INSERT INTO tenants (id, name) VALUES
    ('11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111', 'Example Corp');

INSERT INTO contacts (tenant_id, name, email) VALUES
    ('11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111', 'Alice', 'alice@example.com'),
    ('11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111', 'Bob', 'bob@example.net'),
    ('11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111', 'Charlie', 'charlie@example.org');
```

## Querying Email Addresses

Since `EMAILADDR` is a specialized type, queries can be performed as with standard text columns:

```sql theme={null}
SELECT * FROM contacts WHERE email = 'alice@example.com';
```

## Validating Email Format

The `emailaddr` type ensures that only valid email addresses are stored. For example, the following insertion will fail:

```sql theme={null}
INSERT INTO contacts (tenant_id, name, email) VALUES ('11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111','Invalid User', 'not_an_email');
```

This will result in an error because `'not_an_email'` is not a properly formatted email address.

## Limitations

* `EMAILADDR` ensures correct email formatting but does **not** verify if the email exists.
* Cannot store internationalized email addresses using Unicode.

## Removing an Index

If you need to remove the index:

```sql theme={null}
DROP INDEX email_idx;
```

## Conclusion

The `emailaddr` extension in PostgreSQL simplifies email validation and storage while ensuring efficient indexing for lookup queries.

For more details, refer to the official PostgreSQL documentation or community resources.